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There have also been 12 parliamentary by-elections in Medway since 1832, following the death or resignation of a sitting member of parliament.

The Great Reform Act, officially the Representation of the People Act 1832, introduced changes to make constituencies contain roughly the same number of votes. Prior to the Great Reform Act, constituencies varied in size from as little as a dozen to as many as 12,000 voters. The act also extended voting rights to adult males who rented propertied land of a certain value, giving approximately one in seven males in the UK the right to vote.

The right to vote was extended to all men over the age of 21 in 1918, to women over the age of 21 in 1928 and to everyone over the age of 18 in 1969.

All of Medway's constituencies have been represented by one MP, with the exception of the constituency of Rochester, which elected two MPs until 1885.

The next general election must be held by 15 August 2029.